John Clifton Bogle was an American investor, business magnate, and philanthropist. In 1976, he created the first index fund, a year after founding the Vanguard Group, which, as of 2020, manages over $6 trillion in assets. A major enabler of low-cost investing by individuals, he was named one of the four investment giants of the 20th century by Fortune magazine, alongside Soros, Lynch, and Buffett.